Garden Pests
In her latest gardening story, Jessica Damiano tells of the garden pests and diseases she has seen in her plants.
The Associated Press writer suggests acting quickly when combatting garden pests and diseases. When not dealt with quickly, pests and diseases can quickly grow and reproduce. That can result in less plant growth and worse health, less flower and fruit production, or even death of your plants.
translation
sentence:
在她最新的园艺故事中，杰西卡·达米亚诺讲述了她在自己的植物上看到的园林病虫害。
这位美联社作者建议在防治花园病虫害时要迅速行动。如果不迅速处理，病虫害会迅速生长和繁殖。这会导致植物生长减缓，健康状况恶化，花果产量减少，甚至植物死亡。
phrase:
Associated Press -> 美联社
word:
pest英 [pest]美 [pest]
n. 害虫，有害动物；<非正式>讨厌的人（或物）
combat ( combatting, combatted, combats )英 [ˈkɒmbæt]美 [ˈkɑːmbæt]
n. 战斗，搏斗；争论，反对
v. 与……作斗争；防止，减轻
adj. 战斗的；为……斗争的
reproduce ( reproducing, reproduced, reproduces )英 [ˌriːprəˈdjuːs]美 [ˌriːprəˈduːs]
v. 复制，翻印；模拟；再制造，再现；繁殖，生殖
Her measure always begins with the gentlest treatment possible. She only intensifies her treatments when necessary. Even then, she has her limits. Damiano says she would rather lose a flower or vegetable plant than use strong chemicals.
In the case of her tomato plants, Damiano caught the aphids, a pest, early. She washed them off and removed the ones that would not come off by using her fingers under moving water. They have not returned in the week since removing them, but she looks out for them every day, just in case. Had the invasion been severe or the water and finger removal method been ineffective, she would have used Neem oil. The organic oil, which comes from the seeds of the Neem tree, kills aphids by not permitting them to breathe.
translation
sentence:
她的措施总是从最温和的处理开始，只有在必要的时候才加强处理。即使这样，她也有自己的限度。达米亚诺说，她宁愿失去一株花或蔬菜，也不愿使用强力化学品。
就拿她的番茄来说，达米亚诺很早就发现了蚜虫这种害虫。她用流动的水冲洗它们，并用手指将无法冲洗掉的蚜虫清除。清除蚜虫后一周，蚜虫没有再出现，但她每天都在注意观察，以防万一。如果蚜虫入侵严重，或者用水和手指去除的方法无效，她就会使用印楝油。这种有机油来自印楝树的种子，通过阻止蚜虫呼吸来杀死它们。
phrase:
looks out for -> 留意，注意：关注某人或某事，确保他们安全或避免危险。
just in case -> 以防万一：为了应对可能发生的意外情况而采取的预防措施。
word:
measure ( measuring, measured, measures )英: [ˈmeʒə(r)] 美: [ˈmeʒər]
n. 措施；衡量；方法；程度
v. 测量；度量；估量
linkv. （指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为
网络 定距等分
gentle ( gentler, gentlest )英 [ˈdʒent(ə)l]美 [ˈdʒent(ə)l]
adj. 文静的，温柔的；（动作）轻柔的，徐缓的；（坡度）平缓的，不陡的；微热的；<古>出身高贵的，品格高尚的
v. 使（或变）温柔，（使）平静；使驯服
n. 蛆，饵
intensify ( intensifying, intensified, intensifies )英 [ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ]美 [ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ]
v. 加剧，增强；增强（底片）的阻光度，增加（底片）的厚度
aphid [ 复数 aphids ]英 [ˈeɪfɪd] 美 [ˈeɪfɪd]
n. [昆] 蚜虫
invasion [ 复数 invasions ]英 [ɪnˈveɪʒ(ə)n]美 [ɪnˈveɪʒ(ə)n]
n. 侵略，入侵；涌入，大批进入；侵犯，干预；侵袭，扩散
ineffective英 [ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]美 [ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]
adj. 无效果的，不起作用的；不能胜任的
neem英 [niːm]美 [niːm]
n. 印度楝；苦楝树；尼姆树（等于 neem tree）
It is safe to use on plants that will be eaten and it is not harmful to people, animals, and birds. Still, it should be used after the sun has set when helpful insects are less active.
The same day Damiano found the aphids, she found another pest called scarlet lily beetles on her Asiatic lily plants. The adult red insects feed on a grouping of plants called true lilies and fritillaries.
translation
sentence:
它可以安全地用于食用植物，对人、动物和鸟类没有害处。尽管如此，它还是应该在太阳落山后使用，因为那时有益昆虫的活动较少。
就在达米亚诺发现蚜虫的同一天，她还在亚洲百合植物上发现了另一种名为猩红百合甲虫的害虫。这种红色的成虫以一种叫做真百合和贝母花的植物为食。
word:
insect [ 复数 insects ]英 [ˈɪnsekt]美 [ˈɪnsekt]
n. 昆虫；类似昆虫的小动物（如蜘蛛）；卑鄙的人
scarlet英 [ˈskɑːlət]美 [ˈskɑːrlət]
adj. 猩红色的，鲜红色的；（脸）涨得通红的；罪孽深重的，淫荡的
n. 鲜红色，猩红色；红衣，鲜红色布
beetle英 [ˈbiːtl]美 [ˈbiːtl]
n. 甲虫；<英>画甲虫，拼甲虫（一种掷骰子游戏）；大槌；捶布机；（大众汽车公司生产的）甲壳虫汽车（Beetle）
v. 匆匆地走；（人的眉毛）突出，悬垂；用大槌捶；用捶布机捶（布）
adj. （人的眉毛）粗浓而突出
fritillary [ 复数 fritillaries ]英 [frɪˈtɪləri]美 [ˈfrɪtəleri]
n. [植] 贝母；[昆] 豹纹蝶
In an earlier stage of life, called the larval stage, they cover themselves in waste. This makes them less appealing to those that would want to eat them. But the coating also protects them from chemicals, making them difficult to remove.
The pests had already damaged some of her plants. To prevent more damage, she removed them by tapping them off of the plant into some water with soap and vinegar, or household cleaners.
translation
sentence:
在生命的早期阶段，也就是幼虫阶段，它们会用粪便覆盖自己。这使得它们对那些想吃它们的动物没有那么大的吸引力。但是这种覆盖物也保护了它们免受化学物质的伤害，使得它们很难被清除。
害虫已经破坏了她的一些植物。为了防止进一步的损害，她把它们从植物上取下来，放入一些加了肥皂和醋或家用清洁剂的水中。
phrase:
household cleaner -> 家用清洁剂：一种用于清洁家居表面的化学制剂，可以去除污渍、灰尘和细菌
word:
larval英 [ˈlɑːvl]美 [ˈlɑːrvl]
adj. 幼虫的；幼虫状态的；潜在的；隐蔽的
appeal ( appealing, appealed, appeals )英 [əˈpiːl]美 [əˈpiːl]
n. 呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；吸引力，感染力；（为慈善或正义事业的）募捐；启发，打动
v. 呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力，引起兴趣；启发，打动
coat ( coating, coated, coats )英 [kəʊt]美 [koʊt]
n. 外套，大衣；<美>（指套装的）短上衣；（动物）皮毛，（植物）表皮；涂料层，覆盖层
v. 给……涂上，用……覆盖；给……穿外套
tap (taps tapping tapped)英: [tæp] 美: [tæp]
n. 水龙头；轻拍；轻敲；轻叩
v. 开发；轻拍；轻敲；轻叩
soap英 [səʊp]美 [soʊp]
n. 肥皂；<非正式>肥皂剧
v. 擦肥皂；<俚>对……拍马屁
vinegar [ 复数 vinegars ]英 [ˈvɪnɪɡə(r)]美 [ˈvɪnɪɡər]
n. 醋；尖酸，刻薄
household英 [ˈhaʊshəʊld]美 [ˈhaʊshoʊld]
n. 家庭，一家人；家务；王室（the Household）
adj. 家用的，家务的；全家人的；家喻户晓的；皇家的（Household）
Her rhododendron, a flowering plant, were attacked by a pest called azalea bark scale last summer. She saw the white insects had come back this year. Some of the leaves were infested, so she cut them off. But because most of the leaves only had a few of the pests, she was able to remove them by touching each insect with some rubbing alcohol.
By working early, Damiano slowed or stopped infestations that could have killed her plants. The same would be true for diseases, many of which also respond better to early treatments.
translation
sentence:
去年夏天，她的杜鹃花受到了一种叫杜鹃树树皮蚧的害虫的侵袭。她看到这些白色的昆虫今年又出现了。一些叶子被感染了，所以她把它们剪掉了。但因为大多数叶子只有几只害虫，她只需用一些外用酒精接触每只昆虫，就能把它们清除掉。
通过及早处理，达米亚诺减缓或阻止了可能导致植物死亡的虫害。疾病也是如此，许多疾病在早期治疗效果较好。
phrase:
azalea bark scale -> 杜鹃花树皮鳞片/杜鹃树树皮蚧
rubbing alcohol -> 擦拭酒精：一种外用的酒精溶液，通常用于消毒皮肤或擦拭物体表面。
The same would be true -> 同样的道理
word:
rhododendron [ 复数 rhododendrons ]英 [ˌrəʊdəˈdendrən]美 [ˌroʊdəˈdendrən]
n. 杜鹃花
azalea [ 复数 azaleas ]英 [əˈzeɪliə]美 [əˈzeɪliə]
n. 杜鹃花
bark ( barking, barked, barks )英 [bɑːk]美 [bɑːrk]
v. 大声嚷，吼叫；（狗）吠，叫；擦破（胫部的）皮；剥去（树，木头的）皮
n. 狗叫声，吠声；吼叫声；树皮；小帆船，三桅帆船
scale ( scaling, scaled, scales )英 [skeɪl]美 [skeɪl]
n. 天平，磅秤；天平盘；天秤（星）座（the Scales）；等级，级别；刻度，标度；标尺，刻度尺；规模，范围；比例，比例尺；鳞，鳞片；鱼鳞状物；水垢；牙垢；音阶；（加热后金属上形成的）氧化皮；进位制；（摄影）影调范围
v. 改变（文字、图片）的尺寸大小；刮去（鱼鳞）；攀登，翻越；剔除（牙垢）；（尤指皮肤）生成鳞屑；（成片状）脱落，剥落；（数量，财产） 按一定比例调节；称得重量为；<美>估算（树木的）产木材量
adj. （模型或复制品）按比例缩小的
infest ( infesting, infested, infests )英 [ɪnˈfest]美 [ɪnˈfest]
vt. 骚扰；寄生于；大批出没；大批滋生
rub英: [rʌb] 美: [rʌb]
n. 擦；抹；搓；揉
v. 擦；磨；搓；（使）相互磨擦
infestation英 [ˌɪnfeˈsteɪʃn]美 [ˌɪnfeˈsteɪʃn]
n. 感染；侵扰