Why is HIV So Hard to Kill ?
HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is a master of disguise.
It has the ability to change its outer coat of proteins frequently.
This quick-change act makes it hard for the immune system to recognise it and destroy it.
But what makes HIV even harder to kill is that it targets one of the most important cells in the immune system for fighting infection.
Technically called a CD4+ cell, this cell is more commonly known as a Helper T cell.
You can think of Helper T cells as the air traffic controllers of the immune system.
The immune system's job is to protect the body from dangerous traitors, like cancer, and harmful intruders, like viruses and bacteria.
Overlapping networks of immune cells are constantly talking to each other and coordinating their efforts.
It's a lot like airplanes zipping around in a busy airspace.
The Helper T cells sit at the heart of many of these networks.
translation
sentence:
导致艾滋病的HIV病毒是伪装大师。
它有能力频繁地改变它的外层蛋白质。
这种快速变化的行为使得免疫系统很难识别并摧毁它。
但让HIV更难被杀死的是，它的目标是免疫系统中对抗感染的最重要的细胞之一。
技术上称为CD4+细胞，这种细胞通常被称为辅助性T细胞。
你可以把辅助性T细胞想象成免疫系统的空中交通管制员。
免疫系统的工作是保护身体免受危险的叛徒，如癌症，和有害的入侵者，如病毒和细菌。
重叠的免疫细胞网络不断地相互交谈并协调它们的努力。
这很像飞机在繁忙的空域中快速飞行。
辅助性T细胞位于这些网络的核心。
phrase:
fighting infection -> 抗感染：指身体对抗病原体入侵的过程，包括免疫系统的反应和药物治疗等手段。
Helper T cell -> 辅助性T细胞
word:
isguise ( disguising, disguised, disguises )英 [dɪsˈɡaɪz]美 [dɪsˈɡaɪz]
v. 假扮，伪装；掩饰，隐瞒
n. 伪装物，伪装
protein [ 复数 proteins ]英 [ˈprəʊtiːn]美 [ˈproʊtiːn]
n. 蛋白质，朊
adj. 蛋白质的
immune英 [ɪˈmjuːn]美 [ɪˈmjuːn]
adj. 免疫的；不受影响的；免除的，豁免的
n. 免疫者，免除者
recognise英 [ˈrekəɡnaɪz]美 [ˈrekəɡnaɪz]
vt. 认出；承认，认可；识别
technically英 [ˈteknɪkli]美 [ˈteknɪkli]
adv. 技术上；专门地；学术上；工艺上
traitor [ 复数 traitors ]英 [ˈtreɪtə(r)]美 [ˈtreɪtər]
n. 叛徒，卖国贼
intruder [ 复数 intruders ]英 [ɪnˈtruːdə(r)]美 [ɪnˈtruːdər]
n. 闯入者，侵入者；不速之客
overlapping英 [ˌəʊvəˈlæpɪŋ]美 [ˌoʊvərˈlæpɪŋ]
v. 重叠；与……重合（overlap 的现在分词）
constantly英 [ˈkɒnstəntli]美 [ˈkɑːnstəntli]
adv. 总是，经常地，不断地
coordinate ( coordinating, coordinated, coordinates )英 [kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪt]美 [koʊˈɔːrdɪneɪt]
v. 协调，配合；使身体协调；（使颜色、款式、风格等）搭配，配套；给 （原子或分子）配位，与……形成共价键
n. 坐标；配套服装；同等级（或类别）的人（或事物）
adj. 地位相当的，同等重要的；（语法）并列的；（化学）配位的
zipping ( zipping, zipped, zips )美 [ˈzɪpɪŋ]
v. 拉上拉链；用拉链锁上；快速移动；压缩（zip 的现在分词）
It does things like tell one group of immune cells, the Killer T cells, to target HIV and destroy it.
Or Helper T cells tell another group of immune defenders, the so called B Cells, to make antibodies that attack the virus.
Now imagine if all the air traffic controllers started to disappear one by one.
None of the other cells in the remaining networks would know where to go or what to do.
The whole system would have trouble fighting not just HIV but many other illnesses as well.
Indeed, that's what we see in people with AIDS.
They become sick with ailments our immune system is usually better at fighting off.
Tuberculosis, meningitis, rare forms of pneumonia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cervical cancer.
HIV doesn't fight fair.
It attacks the very cells that would coordinate its destruction.
In order to boost the immune system against HIV, we need to get the Helper T cells back in control.
translation
sentence:
它会告诉一组免疫细胞，杀手T细胞，以艾滋病毒为目标并摧毁它。
辅助性T细胞告诉另一组免疫防御者，即所谓的B细胞，制造攻击病毒的抗体。
现在想象一下，如果所有的空中交通管制员开始一个接一个地消失。
剩下的网络中的其他细胞都不知道该去哪里或做什么。
整个系统不仅会在对抗艾滋病病毒方面遇到困难，还会在对抗许多其他疾病方面遇到困难。
事实上，这就是我们在艾滋病患者身上看到的。
他们患上了我们的免疫系统通常能更好地抵御的疾病。
肺结核，脑膜炎，罕见肺炎，非霍奇金淋巴瘤和宫颈癌。
艾滋病毒的斗争并不公平。
它攻击那些能协调其毁灭的细胞。
为了增强免疫系统对抗HIV，我们需要让辅助性T细胞重新控制。
phrase:
so called -> 所谓的
None of -> 没有任何一个；无一例外
fighting off -> 抵御，击退
rare forms -> 罕见的形式
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma -> 非霍奇金淋巴瘤
fight fair -> 公平竞争
word:
antibodies美 [ˈæntibɑːdiz]
n. [免疫]抗体（antibody 的复数）
indeed英 [ɪnˈdiːd]美 [ɪnˈdiːd]
adv. 确实，的确；实际上；真正地；<非正式> 真的吗（表示惊讶或觉得某事物荒谬）
ailments美 [ˈeɪlmənts]
n. 疾病，小病（ailment 复数形式）
tuberculosis英 [tjuːˌbɜːkjuˈləʊsɪs]美 [tuːˌbɜːrkjəˈloʊsɪs]
n. 结核病（尤指肺结核）
meningitis [ 复数 meningitides ]英 [ˌmenɪnˈdʒaɪtɪs]美 [ˌmenɪnˈdʒaɪtɪs]
n. 脑膜炎
pneumonia英 [njuːˈməʊniə]美 [nuːˈmoʊniə]
n. 肺炎
lymphoma [ 复数 lymphomas或lymphomata ]英 [lɪmˈfəʊmə]美 [lɪmˈfoʊmə]
n. [肿瘤] 淋巴瘤
cervical英 [ˈsɜːvɪk(ə)l]美 [ˈsɜːrvɪk(ə)l]
adj. 颈的；子宫颈的